History of the Internet

Tom Kelliher, CS 102

Feb. 17, 1999

Administrivia

Announcements

Assignment

Readings on the programming design process:

1. Problem Solving and Pseudocode
   (http://phoenix.goucher.edu/~kelliher/cs17/feb12.html)
2. Pseudocode, Finished; Implementation, Testing, and Maintenance
   (http://phoenix.goucher.edu/~kelliher/cs17/feb14.html)

From Last Time

Command prompt, FTP.

Outline

1. History of the Internet.

2. Quiz.

Coming Up

Introduction to programming in JavaScript.

A Brief History of the Internet

1. The idea of an electronic community dates back to ARPA in the early '60s.

2. Like other things, the military got involved.

3. Robust CCC: command, control communication.

   The organized anarchy.

   Can anyone do anything?

4. Data transmission:
   1. Breaking data into packets.

   2. Each packet stamped with source, destination, and routed individually.

   3. Acknowledgements.

   4. Similarities, differences wrt telephone network: model, performance.

5. Remote access to high speed supercomputers: telnet.

6. Quickly replaced top application by e-mail, mailing lists.

7. The first network: ARPANET.

8. TCP/IP: a protocol, a public standard.

   Allows other networks to connect, promoting growth.

   Client/Server computing.

9. Growth:
   • 1969: 4 hosts.
   • 1971: 15 hosts.
   • 1981: 213 hosts. A new one added every 20 days.
   • 1987: 10,000 hosts.
   • 1988: 60,000 hosts.
   • 1990: 300,000 hosts.
   • 1992: 1,000,000 hosts. Growth of 20% a month.

10. FTP for file sharing.

    The information location problem.

11. USENET started in 1979.

12. 1991: end of the NSF's non-commercial use policy.

    Gopher is created at UMN. Non-multimedia WWW.

    The WWW is created by Tim Bernsers-Lee. Multimedia, hypertext point and click. The Internet GUI.

13. 1995: creation of Java by Sun.

14. What caused the explosive growth?

15. What will the future bring?
    1. Increased regulation?

       Recent examples:

       1. Pro-life groups staking out clinics, recording license plate tags, and using the Internet to get names and addresses. Compuserve sued as the conduit.

          Electronic directories.

       2. Companies using cookies to save ``click histories.''

       3. Banner ads. FreePC.

       4. Spam.

       5. Pentium III's ``ID tag.''

    2. Charges for content?

    3. Charges per byte?

    4. Wider pipes, more ubiquitous access. Wireless.

    5. More e-commerce.