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Java™ Platform
Standard Ed. 8

Package java.sql

Provides the API for accessing and processing data stored in a data source (usually a relational database) using the JavaTM programming language.

See: Description

Package java.sql Description

Provides the API for accessing and processing data stored in a data source (usually a relational database) using the JavaTM programming language. This API includes a framework whereby different drivers can be installed dynamically to access different data sources. Although the JDBCTM API is mainly geared to passing SQL statements to a database, it provides for reading and writing data from any data source with a tabular format. The reader/writer facility, available through the javax.sql.RowSet group of interfaces, can be customized to use and update data from a spread sheet, flat file, or any other tabular data source.

What the JDBCTM 4.2 API Includes

The JDBCTM 4.2 API includes both the java.sql package, referred to as the JDBC core API, and the javax.sql package, referred to as the JDBC Optional Package API. This complete JDBC API is included in the JavaTM Standard Edition (Java SETM), version 7. The javax.sql package extends the functionality of the JDBC API from a client-side API to a server-side API, and it is an essential part of the JavaTM Enterprise Edition (Java EETM) technology.

Versions

The JDBC 4.2 API incorporates all of the previous JDBC API versions:

Classes, interfaces, methods, fields, constructors, and exceptions have the following "since" tags that indicate when they were introduced into the Java platform. When these "since" tags are used in JavadocTM comments for the JDBC API, they indicate the following:

NOTE: Many of the new features are optional; consequently, there is some variation in drivers and the features they support. Always check your driver's documentation to see whether it supports a feature before you try to use it.

NOTE: The class SQLPermission was added in the JavaTM 2 SDK, Standard Edition, version 1.3 release. This class is used to prevent unauthorized access to the logging stream associated with the DriverManager, which may contain information such as table names, column data, and so on.

What the java.sql Package Contains

The java.sql package contains API for the following:

java.sql and javax.sql Features Introduced in the JDBC 4.2 API

java.sql and javax.sql Features Introduced in the JDBC 4.1 API

java.sql and javax.sql Features Introduced in the JDBC 4.0 API

java.sql and javax.sql Features Introduced in the JDBC 3.0 API

java.sql Features Introduced in the JDBC 2.1 Core API

javax.sql Features Introduced in the JDBC 2.0 Optional Package API

Custom Mapping of UDTs

A user-defined type (UDT) defined in SQL can be mapped to a class in the Java programming language. An SQL structured type or an SQL DISTINCT type are the UDTs that may be custom mapped. The following three steps set up a custom mapping:
  1. Defining the SQL structured type or DISTINCT type in SQL
  2. Defining the class in the Java programming language to which the SQL UDT will be mapped. This class must implement the SQLData interface.
  3. Making an entry in a Connection object's type map that contains two things:
    • the fully-qualified SQL name of the UDT
    • the Class object for the class that implements the SQLData interface

When these are in place for a UDT, calling the methods ResultSet.getObject or CallableStatement.getObject on that UDT will automatically retrieve the custom mapping for it. Also, the PreparedStatement.setObject method will automatically map the object back to its SQL type to store it in the data source.

Package Specification

Related Documentation

Since:
1.1
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Java™ Platform
Standard Ed. 8

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For further API reference and developer documentation, see Java SE Documentation. That documentation contains more detailed, developer-targeted descriptions, with conceptual overviews, definitions of terms, workarounds, and working code examples.
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